Paradigms of the Ecocritical Canon in T. S. Eliot’s Early Poems

Abstract

A partire da una prospettiva ecocritica, questo saggio intende analizzare alcune delle oltre 40 poesie che T. S. Eliot scrisse tra il 1909 e il 1914 in un taccuino dal titolo Inventions of the March Hare. Pubblicati per la prima volta nel 1996 daChristopher Ricks, i primi componimenti eliotiani offrono uno sguardo critico sul degradato ambiente urbano quale strumento primario dell’esperienza stessa della modernità. Obiettivo di questo studio è quello di individuare come ilfatiscente cityscape eliotiano sia già espressione di una consapevolezza ambientale che coincise, per certi versi, con la scoperta da parte di Eliot della poesia simbolista francese.

DOI: 10.17456/SIMPLE-75

Bibliografia

Ackroyd Peter. 1984. T. S. Eliot. London: Penguin.

Adamson, Joni & Scott Slovic. 2009. The Shoulders We Stand On: An Introduction to Ethnicity and Ecocriticism. Melus, 34, 2: 5-24.

Bacigalupo, Massimo. 1991. La città di Pound ed Eliot. Giovanni Cianci (a cura di). Modernismo/Modernismi. Milano: Principato, 497-503.

Baudelaire, Charles. 1885 [1863]. Le peintre de la vie moderne. Id. Œuvres complètes de Charles Baudelaire, vol. 3, L’Art romantique. Paris: Calmann Lévy, 51-111.

Baudelaire, Charles. 1958. Oeuvres Complètes, vol. 1, Les Fleurs du Mal. Paris: Gallimard.

Butler, Christopher. 1994. Early Modernism: Literature, Music and Paintings in Europe 1900- 1916. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

Carson, Rachel. 1962. Silent Spring. Boston: Houghton Mifflin; London: Hamish Hamilton.

Clark, Timothy. 2011. The Cambridge Introduction to Literature and Environment. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Coole, Diana & Samantha Frost eds. 2010, New Materialisms: Ontology, Agency, and Politics. Durham-London: Duke University Press.

Cooper, John Xiros. 2006. The Cambridge Introduction to T. S. Eliot. Cambridge (UK): Cambridge University Press.

Crawford Robert. 1987. The Savage and The City in the Work of T. S. Eliot. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

Eliot, Thomas Stearns. 1917. Prufrock and Other Oobservations. London: The Egoist Ltd.

Eliot, Thomas Stearns. 1928. The Sacred Wood. Essays on Poetry and Criticism. London: Methuen & Co.

Eliot, Thomas Stearns. 1933. The Use of Poetry and Use of Criticism. Studies in the Relation of Criticism to Poetry in England. Harvard: Harvard University Press.

Eliot, Thomas Stearns. 1957. On Poetry and Poets. London: Faber & Faber.

Eliot, Thomas Stearns. 1960. The Influence of Landscape upon the Poet. Daedalus: Journal of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, 89, 2: 420-422.

Eliot, Thomas Stearns. 1965. To Criticize the Critic, and Other Writings. London: Faber & Faber.

Eliot, Thomas Stearns. 1996. Inventions of the March Hare. Christopher Ricks ed. London: Faber & Faber.

Eliot, Thomas Stearns. 1999. Selected Essays. London: Faber & Faber. Emerson, Ralph Waldo. 1836. Nature. Boston: James Munroe & Company.

Gallup, Donald. 1968. The ‘Lost’ Manuscripts of T. S. Eliot. The Bulletin of the New York Public Library, LXXII: 641-652.

Gardner, Helen Louise. 1968. The Art of T. S. Eliot. London: Faber & Faber.

Gordon, Lyndall. 1998. T. S. Eliot: An Imperfect Life. London: Vintage.

Jenkins, Nicholas. 1997. More American Than We Knew. The New York Times, April 20. Laforgue, Jules. 1917. Œuvrescomplètes. Paris: Mercure de France.

Lyall S. 1996. 40 Poems that Eliot wanted to Hide. The New York Times, 23 September.

Maran, Timo. 2007. Towards and Integrated Methodology of Ecosemiotcs: The Concept of Nature Text. Sign Systems Studies, 35: 269-294.

Miller, James E. 2005. T. S. Eliot: The Making of an American Poet, 1888–1922. University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press.

Plumwood, Val. 2002. Environmental Culture: The Ecological Crisis of Reason. London-New York: Routledge.

Reid, B. L. 1968. The Man From New York: John Quinn and His Friends. New York: Oxford University Press.

Rueckert, William. 1978. Literature and Ecology: an Experiment in Ecocriticism. Iowa Review, 1: 71-86.

Salvadori, Diego. 2016. Ecocritica: diacronie di una contaminazione, Lea – Lingue e Letterature d’Oriente e d’Occidente, 5: 671-699.

Schuchard, Ronald. 1999. Eliot’s Dark Angel: Intersections of Life and Art. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Serpieri, Alessandro. 1985. T. S. Eliot: le strutture profonde. Bologna: Il Mulino.

Seymour-Jones, Carole. 2001. Painted Shadow: A Life of Vivienne Eliot. London: Constable.

Thoreau, Henry David. 1854. Walden or Life in the Woods. Boston: Ticknor and Fields.