A New Version of “The Ways on Earth” by Robert Devereux, Earl of Essex

Carlo M. Bajetta (Università della Valle d’Aosta)

Abstract

Almeno come poeta, Robert Devereux, conte di Essex, non godette di particolare reputazione tra i suoi contemporanei. Furono le generazioni successive (per le quali il Conte fu epitome degli eroi di un’epoca svanita) a far a gara nel procurarsi copie dei suoi versi e delle sue ardenti lettere indirizzate ad Elisabetta I. L’articolo presenta una versione inedita di un suo sonetto “The Ways on Earth, have paths and turnings known”, contenuta in una miscellanea solo recentemente venuta alla luce. Questo documento, oltre a costituire una nuova attribuzione del brano poetico ad Essex, è una significativa testimonianza della sua duratura fama: una reputazione postuma che lo ha reso protagonista di romanzi, melodrammi e film dal XVIII sino al XXI secolo.

DOI: 10.17456/SIMPLE-209

Parole chiave: Robert Devereux Earl of Essex, Elizabethan Poetry, Elizabeth I, Elizabethan Courtier Poets, Early Modern Manuscripts.

Bibliografia

Manuscripts

London, British Library, Royal MS 17 B 50.

London, British Library, Sloane MS 4128.

Oxford, Bodleian Library, Douce MS e.16.

Oxford, Bodleian Library, Rawlinson poetry MS C.744.

Paris, Bibliothèque National, MS Fr 5549(2).

Other Sources

Bajetta, Carlo M. 1998. Sir Walter Ralegh, poeta di corte elisabettiano. Milano: Mursia.

Bajetta, Carlo M. 2022. Shilling Rhymes: Newly Discovered Mock-Epitaphs by Sir Walter Ralegh and Other Elizabethan Courtiers. TLS - The Times Literary Supplement, 6227 (5 August), 19.

Beal, Peter. 2005. Robert Devereux, second Earl of Essex: Introduction. Catalogue of English Literary Manuscripts 1450–1700, Peter Beal ed., https://celm-ms.org.uk/introductions/EssexRobertDevereuxEarlof.html (consulted on 18/5/2023).

Bertheau, Gilles. 2009. The Unhappy Favourite; Or the Earl of Essex a Tragedy (1682) de John Banks (c. 1650?-1706): vers le “ héros stupide ”? Études Épistémè. Revue de littérature et de civilisation (XVIe - XVIIIe siècles), fasc. 16, https://doi.org/10.4000/episteme.685 (consulted on 4/05/2023).

Briquet, Charles-Moïse. 1968. Les Filigranes, dictionnaire historique des marques du papier dès leur apparition vers 1282 jusqu’en 1600: a facsimile of the 1907 edition with supplementary material contributed by a number of scholars. Allan Stevenson ed. Amsterdam: Paper publications Society.

Caigny, Florence de. 2009. Le Comte d’Essex de Claude Boyer : Élisabeth ou la confusion des rôles. Études Épistémè. Revue de littérature et de civilisation (XVIe - XVIIIe siècles), fasc. 16. https://journals.openedition.org/episteme/686 (consulted on 1/05/2023).

Eckhardt, Joshua. 2009. Manuscript Verse Collectors and the Politics of Anti-Courtly Love Poetry. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Garzoni, Tommaso. 1588-1605. La piazza universale di tutte le professioni del mondo. Venice: [various printers].

Gordon, Andrew. 2013. Essex’s Last Campaign: the Fall of the Earl of Essex and Manuscript Circulation. Annaliese Connolly & Lisa Hopkins eds. Essex: The Cultural Impact of an Elizabethan Courtier. Manchester-New York: Manchester University Press, 153-168.

Hammer, Paul E. J. 1999. The Polarisation of Elizabethan Politics: the Political Career of Robert Devereux, 2nd Earl of Essex, 1585-1597. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Highley, Christopher. 1997. Shakespeare, Spenser and the Crisis in Ireland. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Hiscock, Andrew. 2013. ‘Achilles Alter’: the Heroic Lives and Afterlives of Robert Devereux, 2nd Earl of Essex. Annaliese Connolly & Lisa Hopkins eds. Essex: The Cultural Impact of an Elizabethan Courtier. Manchester-New York: Manchester University Press, 101-132.

Holland, Peter, ed. 2013. William Shakespeare: Coriolanus (Arden Shakespeare Third Series). London: Bloomsbury.

Hopkins, Lisa. 2013. The Earl of Essex and the Duke of Windsor: Elizabeth and Essex on film. Annaliese Connolly & Lisa Hopkins eds. Essex: The Cultural Impact of an Elizabethan Courtier. Manchester-New York: Manchester University Press, 279-293.

Lacey, Robert. 1970. Robert, Earl of Essex: An Elizabethan Icarus. London: History Book Club. May, Steven W. ed. 1980. The Poems of Edward DeVere, Seventeenth Earl of Oxford and of Robert Devereux, Second Earl of Essex. Studies in Philology, 77: 5 (Texts and Studies, 1980).

May, Steven W. & William A. Ringler. 2004. Elizabethan Poetry: A Bibliography and First-Line Index of English Verse, 1559-1603 (3 vols). London: Thoemmes Continuum.

Moryson, Fynes. 1617. An Itinerary containing His Ten Yeeres Travell through the Twelve Dominions (2 vols). London: Iohn Beale.

Musio, Cristina. 2007. Due storie inglesi, due miti europei. Maria Stuarda e il conte di Essex sulle scene teatrali. Daniela Dalla Valle e Monica Pavesio (a cura di). Atti del Convegno di studi comparati, Università degli Studi di Torino. Alessandria: Edizioni dell’Orso, 151-165.

Paltrinieri, Elisabetta. 2007. Certo ed incerto in una “comedia” spagnola del ‘600: ‘El Conde de Sex’ o ‘Dar la vida por su dama’ di Antonio Coello. Maria Stuarda e il conte di Essex sulle scene teatrali. Daniela Dalla Valle e Monica Pavesio (a cura di). Atti del Convegno di studi comparati, Università degli Studi di Torino. Alessandria: Edizioni dell’Orso, 53-77.

Pricket, Robert. 1604. Honors fame in triumph riding. Or, The life and death of the late honorable Earle of Essex. R. B[lower] for Roger Iackson.

Schrader, Lorenz. 1592. Monumentorum Italiae. Helmstedt: Lucius Transylvanus.

Strachey, Lytton G. 1928. Elizabeth and Essex. London: Chatto & Windus.

Sutcliffe, Matthew. 1604. A ful and round ansvver to N. D. alias Robert Parsons. London [Richard Field] for George Bishop.

Sutherland, James ed. 1977. John Banks, The Unhappy Favourite: Or the Earl of Essex, A Tragedy. Restoration Tragedies. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 181-267.

Tempera, Mariangela. 2014. Coriolano: Nota introduttiva. Tutte le opere di William Shakespeare. Franco Marenco ed. Vol. I. Le tragedie. Milano: Bompiani, 2291-2307.

Teulade, Anne. 2009. Interroger les possibles de l’Histoire: Le Comte d’Essex de La Calprenède, une fiction tragique et hypothétique. Études Épistémè. Revue de littérature et de civilisation (XVIe-XVIIIe siècles), fasc. 16, https://journals.openedition.org/episteme/686 (consulted on 29/05/2023).

Venard, Marc ed. 2004. Les ‘mémoires’ d’un curé de Paris (1557-1590) au temps des guerres de religion. Genève: Droz.

Wotton, Henry. 1641. A Parrallell Betweene Robert Late Earle of Essex, and George Late Duke of Buckingham. London: [s.n.].

Zuili, Marc. 2009. Une comedia espagnole du Siècle d’Or : El conde de Sex de Antonio Coello y Ochoa (éd. princeps: 1638). Études Épistémè. Revue de littérature et de civilisation (XVIe – XVIIIe siècles), fasc. 16, https://journals.openedition.org/episteme/686 (consulted on 6/05/2023).

Views: 450

Download PDF

Downloads: 701